INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

Friday, September 27, 2013

ေကာင္မေလး ရွာေနသူ

ေမာင္လိွဳင္မ်ိဳး
ေမာင္သက္နိုင္ထြန္း
ဆရာခ်စ္
ကိုႀကီးေက်ာ္ဇင္စိုး

အားလံဳးက
(INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY) ေမဂ်ာမွာေက်ာင္းတက္ေနတဲ့ ေက်ာငး္သားေတြ.........................
ညီေနမင္း.org နည္းပညာစာအုပ္မ်ား
Posted by at No comments:

Saturday, September 21, 2013

2G-IT project(motherboard)

HOW TO INSTALL MOTHERBOARD
Before you start you will need to check if u need all of your pieces together and parts. Then you need to check if you have the right size case for your mother board. The find a bare floor to work on its the best place. Then download latest drivers for your pc so you cannot
have headahces later on. Now you are ready to install your motherboard.
Lay your case on its side for installing the motherboard. If your case has a removable motherboard plate then take it out to install the motherboard on it. Match up the motherboard mounting hole with the case or plate. Now use the standoffs and install them to the case or plate where the holes lined up. Then use the screws and screw the motherboard down to the standoffs. Some case use plastic standoffs. These usually have pointed ends you push up through
the back of the motherboard and then slide the flat head into the case or plate. Make sure that the motherboard is not touching the case or plate on the back of the motherboard. Now install the plate if your case came with the removable one. Make sure your motherboard is tight but not too tight as to cause it to crack.Next connect the power to the motherboard. If you have an AT motherboard it will use 2 large 6 wire plugs. The black wires have to be together in the middle or you will fry your motherboard and believe me it has happened a lot. They will be hard to install but they will fit just keep trying. The problem is the little tabs placed on 1 side of them. If you have a ATX motherboard then you will have 1 large 20 wire plug. It is made so it can only be installed the right way. If you have a CPU that needs the extra 12 volt hooked to the motherboard then you will need to install it also. It looks different from the other connectors and will install only the right way.
You must decide if you want a desktop or tower or one of the new small cases. You will want to allow for expandability unless you are building a small form case. Make sure you get a case that will fit the space where you plan to put it. Make sure the case has at least one intake fan or a place to install one in the front. Bottom front is best. A place for an exhaust fan in the back near the middle to just below the power supply unit (psu). Make sure all the cables that are suppose to come with the case are present and all the screws and motherboard standoffs are there also.Here you will have to decide if you want a motherboard with everything built on the board or if you want one where you add the stuff to it. Also you will need to decide if you want to use an Intel or AMD CPU.Buy the best board you can. Also you can check out the motherboard and CPU combos for sale. You should get a collection of ribbon cables with your motherboard. Make sure all cables are present that is said to come with it.
Buy a brand name power supply (psu). A power supply is the 2nd most important item to a computer. A cheap psu can cause you lots of problems as it goes up and down with supplying power to your unit. I have fixed many a problem for clients that were caused by the psu. Buy at least a 350-watt unit. I recommend at least 400 watts. I use Enermax PSU myself but there are plenty of other makers of psu's out there. Make sure all cables are presents that should be.
There are plenty of video cards out there. The 2 biggest names are ATI and NiVida. What you choose is up to you. Buy the best you can afford. Make sure it will work with your motherboard. Since newer motherboards have the PCI EXPRESS SLOTS NOW.Remove the back case insert cover that lines up with the video slot you are using. They could be held in with a screw or they could be of the punch out type. These inserts cover the slots in the back of the case. There are AGP card slots which most motherboards have used for the last few years. The slot is usually the top most one and is brown in color. There are still PCI video cards out and they use the PCI slot and they are white in color. Take your video card and insert it into the slot. You may need to rock it into place. Place one end in the slot and then move it back and forth to insert the rest of the pins. Let me point out that AGP video cards insert upside down. Take the card will have a cutout for a screw to hold it tightly in place. Take a screw from the supplies ones or if your insert was held in place with a screw use that one. If your card has a cooling fan that uses a power connection that is not on the video card hook it up and then make sure it doesn't hit the fan and that all ribbon cables and power connector wires are out of the way of the fan.
Install the hard drive into your case. It will go into a 3.5 space. Mount it as far from other devices as possible since it will generate lots of heat and it will need to have plenty of air moving around it to keep it cool. Make sure you mounted it tightly. Before installing the hard drive look at the back end of it and make sure the jumper is set to master. The instructions for setting or checking the settings will be printed on the topside of the drive. Install the ribbon cable with the end connector with the number 1 pin hole lined up with the number 1 pin on the drive. The cable will be marked with a red edge or stripe to mark the side of the connector that is the number 1 pinhole. The hard drive number 1 pin will be near the power pins. Install the other ribbon cable end connector into the primary connector on the motherboard which is usually marked IDE1. Now days the IDE1 connector on the motherboard is usually blue in color. The motherboard manual will point it out for you in case you are not sure.
Now if you decided to install a floppy drive this is the time. If you put it in a 5.25 bay then you will need to use the adapters that came with it or the case. After installing the floppy connect the power cable. The plug is very small and is the smallest coming from the UPS. Then hook up the ribbon cable to it. The ribbon cable for the floppy will have a twist in the cable at one end. Hook the one end of the ribbon cable to the motherboard labeled FED. Make sure to hook the cable with the pin marked number 1(edge of cable will have a red stripe) to the connector with the pin marked number 1 so the pins match. Hook to floppy drive the same way. If you get this reversed it will not hurt you floppy drive. It will just not work and the floppy drive light will stay on. Just reverse how you hooked the ribbon cable.
It will only fit in a 5.25 bay. Make sure you mount it tightly then hook up the ribbon cable. The ribbon cable will be a 40 pin on and the number 1 pinhole on the connector will have the red edge or stripe. The number 1 pin on the drive unit is usually the one nearest the power connector on the drive unit. Use the end connector for the unit on the ribbon cable and the other end connector for the motherboard. On the motherboard it will have a little number 1 marked on it near the corner. Hook the ribbon cable to the secondary connector on the motherboard usually marked IDE2. The primary motherboard connector is usually blue color but it is marked on the motherboard and it is pointed out in the motherboard manual. If you install a 2nd unit use the middle connector on the ribbon cable for it. Now hook up the power to it. Use a 4 pin connector. It will be shaped so that it installs the right way. Hook up the audio cable to the drive with the 3 wire connector. Plug it into the back where it says audio on the drive and then you will connect the other end to your sound card when you install it or to your motherboard if you are using the onboard sound. The motherboard manual will show you where to plug into.
Turn your power switch on the power supply to the on position if it has the extra switch on the back of it. Now turn on your power switch on the front of your computer. The power on led should light up. If so then congratulation on getting this far. You should get your BIOS screen on the monitor. You will need to get into the CMOS/BIOS so know which key or keys to push. The motherboard manual will tell what you need to do.
With your system on load your CD if that is what your OS is on. Reboot your computer. Follow the on screen instructions. If it ask to install from CD say yes. If it ask to partition the hard drive say yes. Say yes to formatting the drive after that also. The keep following the instructions to finish the loading of your OS. And that’s how to build your own pc.
Posted by at No comments:

Wednesday, September 18, 2013

project



What is a Motherboard?:
The motherboard serves to connect all of the parts of a computer together. The CPU, memory, hard drives, optical drives, video card, sound card and other ports and expansion cards all connect to the motherboard directly or via cables.
The motherboard can be thought of as the "back bone" of the computer.
Motherboard components
Below is a listing of links that describe each of the above mentioned motherboard components in additional detail. Links are listed in clockwise order going from the top-left corner of the image. Components not listed above or found on other motherboards are listed in the next section.
Other motherboard components
Below is a listing of other motherboard components that are not shown in the above picture or have been part of older computer motherboards.

Motherboard Description:

The motherboard is mounted inside the case, opposite the most easily accessible side. It is securely attached via small screws through pre-drilled holes.
The front of the motherboard contains ports that all of the internal components connect to. A single socket/slot houses the CPU. Multiple slots allow for one or more memory modules to be attached. Other ports reside on the motherboard which allow the floppy drive, hard drive and optical drive to connect via ribbon cables. Small wires from the front of the computer case connect to the motherboard to allow the power, reset and LED lights to function. Power from the power supply is delivered to the motherboard by use of a specially designed port.
Also on the front of the motherboard are a number of peripheral card slots. These slots are where most video cards, sound cards and other expansion cards are connected to the motherboard.
On the left side of the motherboard (the side that faces the back end of the case) are a number of ports. These ports allow most of the computer's external peripherals to connect such as the monitor, printer, keyboard, mouse, speakers, phone line, network cable and more. Most motherboards also include USB and FireWire ports here that allow compatible devices to connect to your computer when you need them - devices like digital still and video cameras.
The motherboard and case are designed so that when peripheral cards are used, the sides of the cards fit just outside the back end, making their ports available for use.

Motherboard form factors
As computers advanced, so have motherboards. Below is a listing of the various motherboard form factors and additional information about each of these form factors including ATX the most commonly used motherboard form factor today.
Since there is a motherboard, is there a fatherboard?

What is a CPU?:

The Central Processing Unit (CPU) is responsible for interpreting and executing most of the commands from the computer's hardware and software.
The CPU could be considered the "brains" of the computer.

CPU Description:

A modern CPU is usually small and square with many short, rounded, metallic connectors on its underside. Some older CPUs have pins instead metallic connectors.
The CPU attaches directly to a CPU "socket" (or sometimes a "slot") on the motherboard. The CPU is inserted into the socket pin-side-down and a small lever helps to secure the processor.
After running even a short while, modern CPUs can get very hot. To help dissipate this heat, it is necessary to attach a heat sink and a fan directly on top of the CPU. Typically, these come bundled with a CPU purchase.
Other more advanced cooling options are also available including water cooling kits and phase change units.

What is RAM?:

Random Access Memory (RAM) is the "working memory" in a computer. Additional RAM allows a computer to work with more information at the same time which can have a dramatic effect on total system performance.

RAM Description:

A standard "module" or "stick" of desktop memory is long, thin and resembles a short ruler. The bottom of the memory module has one or more notches to guide for proper installation and is lined with numerous, usually gold-plated connectors.
Memory is installed in memory module slots located on the motherboard. These slots are easily locatable by looking for the small hinges on either side that lock the memory in place. Certain sizes of modules may need to be installed in certain slots so always check with your motherboard manufacturer before purchase or installation.
Memory modules come with various storage capabilities. Modern memory modules can be purchased in 256MB, 512MB, 1GB, 2GB, 4GB, and 8GB sizes.

What is a Hard Disk Drive?:

The hard disk drive is the main, and usually largest, data storage device in a computer. The operating system, software titles and most other files are stored in the hard disk drive.

The Hard Disk Drive is Also Known As:

HDD (abbreviation), hard drive, hard disk, fixed drive, fixed disk, fixed disk drive

Hard Disk Drive Description:

A hard drive is usually the size of a paperback book but much heavier.
The sides of the hard drive have pre drilled, threaded holes for easy mounting in the 3.5 inch drive bay in the computer case. Mounting is also possible in a larger 5.25 inch drive bay with an adapter. The hard drive is mounted so the end with the connections faces inside the computer.
The back end of the hard drive contains a port for a cable that connects to the motherboard. The type of cable used will depend on the type of drive but is almost always included with a hard drive purchase. Also here is a connection for power from the power supply.
Most hard drives also have jumper settings on the back end that define how the motherboard is to recognize the drive when more than one is present. These settings vary from drive to drive so check with your hard drive manufacturer for details.

What is an Optical Disc Drive?:

Optical drives retrieve and/or store data on optical discs like CDs, DVDs, and BDs (Blu-ray discs) which hold much more information than classic portable media options like the floppy disk.

Optical Disc Drive Description:

An optical drive is about the size of a thick soft cover book. The front of the drive has a small Open/Close button that ejects and retracts the drive bay door. This is how media like CDs, DVDs, and BDs are inserted into and removed from the drive.
The sides of the optical drive have pre-drilled, threaded holes for easy mounting in the 5.25 inch drive bay in the computer case. The optical drive is mounted so the end with the connections faces inside the computer and the end with the drive bay faces outside.
The back end of the optical drive contains a port for a cable that connects to the motherboard. The type of cable used will depend on the type of drive but is almost always included with an optical drive purchase. Also here is a connection for power from the power supply.
Most optical drives also have jumper settings on the back end that define how the motherboard is to recognize the drive when more than one is present. These settings vary from drive to drive so check with your optical drive manufacturer for details.

What is a Video Card?:

The video card is an expansion card that allows the computer to send graphical information to a video display device such as a monitor or projector.

Video Card Description:

A video card is rectangular in shape with numerous contacts on the bottom of the card and one or more ports on the side for connection to video displays and other devices.
The video card installs in an expansion slot on the motherboard. While most video cards are of the PCIe format, video cards come in other formats as well, including PCI and AGP. These additional formats are older standards and don't communicate with the CPU and other components as quickly as PCIe.
Since the motherboard, case, and expansion cards are designed with compatibility in mind, the side of the video card fits just outside the back of the case when installed, making its ports available for use.
Some video cards have only one port for connection to a standard monitor or projector while more advanced cards may have ports for connections to multiple output sources including additional monitors and televisions. Still other cards may have inputs for video editing and other advanced tasks.

What is a Sound Card?:

The sound card is an expansion card that allows the computer to send audio information to an audio device like speakers or a pair of headphones.

Sound Card Description:

A sound card is rectangular in shape with numerous contacts on the bottom of the card and multiple ports on the side for connection to audio devices such as speakers.
The sound card installs in a PCI slot on the motherboard.
Since the motherboard, case and peripheral cards are designed with compatibility in mind, the side of the sound card fits just outside the back of the case when installed, making its ports available for use. Most sound cards have ports for a joystick, speaker, microphone and an auxiliary device. Still other cards may have inputs and outputs designed for more advanced tasks such as audio editing and professional audio output.

Posted by at No comments:

What is a Motherboard?



What is a Motherboard?:
The motherboard serves to connect all of the parts of a computer together. The CPU, memory, hard drives, optical drives, video card, sound card and other ports and expansion cards all connect to the motherboard directly or via cables.
The motherboard can be thought of as the "back bone" of the computer.
Motherboard components
Below is a listing of links that describe each of the above mentioned motherboard components in additional detail. Links are listed in clockwise order going from the top-left corner of the image. Components not listed above or found on other motherboards are listed in the next section.
Other motherboard components
Below is a listing of other motherboard components that are not shown in the above picture or have been part of older computer motherboards.

Motherboard Description:

The motherboard is mounted inside the case, opposite the most easily accessible side. It is securely attached via small screws through pre-drilled holes.
The front of the motherboard contains ports that all of the internal components connect to. A single socket/slot houses the CPU. Multiple slots allow for one or more memory modules to be attached. Other ports reside on the motherboard which allow the floppy drive, hard drive and optical drive to connect via ribbon cables. Small wires from the front of the computer case connect to the motherboard to allow the power, reset and LED lights to function. Power from the power supply is delivered to the motherboard by use of a specially designed port.
Also on the front of the motherboard are a number of peripheral card slots. These slots are where most video cards, sound cards and other expansion cards are connected to the motherboard.
On the left side of the motherboard (the side that faces the back end of the case) are a number of ports. These ports allow most of the computer's external peripherals to connect such as the monitor, printer, keyboard, mouse, speakers, phone line, network cable and more. Most motherboards also include USB and FireWire ports here that allow compatible devices to connect to your computer when you need them - devices like digital still and video cameras.
The motherboard and case are designed so that when peripheral cards are used, the sides of the cards fit just outside the back end, making their ports available for use.

Motherboard form factors
As computers advanced, so have motherboards. Below is a listing of the various motherboard form factors and additional information about each of these form factors including ATX the most commonly used motherboard form factor today.
Since there is a motherboard, is there a fatherboard?
Posted by at No comments:
Subscribe to: Posts (Atom)